Alprazolam

In these situations, it is recommended that the same total daily dose be given divided as more frequent administrations [see Dosage and Administration]. 5.11 Uricosuric Effect Alprazolam has a weak uricosuric effect. Although other medications with weak uricosuric effect have been reported to cause acute renal failure, there have been no reported instances of acute renal failure attributable to therapy with alprazolam. 5.12 Use in Patients with Concomitant Illness It is recommended that the dosage be limited to the smallest effective dose to preclude the development of ataxia or oversedation which may be a particular problem in elderly or debilitated patients [see Dosage and Administration].

The usual precautions in treating patients with impaired renal, hepatic or pulmonary function should be observed. There have been rare reports of death in patients with severe pulmonary disease shortly after the initiation of treatment with alprazolam. A decreased systemic alprazolam elimination rate (e.g., increased plasma half-life) has been observed in both alcoholic liver disease patients and obese patients receiving alprazolam [see Clinical Pharmacology]. 5.13 Risks in Patients with Phenylketonuria Phenylketonuric patients should be informed that alprazolam orally disintegrating tablets contain phenylalanine (a component of aspartame).

Dosing in Special Populations In elderly patients, in patients with advanced liver disease, or in patients with debilitating disease (e.g., severe pulmonary disease), the usual starting dose is 0.25 mg, given two or three times daily. This may be gradually increased if needed and tolerated. The elderly may be especially sensitive to the effects of benzodiazepines.

If adverse reactions occur at the recommended starting dose, the dose may be lowered.