Denileukin diftitox
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From MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine
Boxed warning
WARNING: CAPILLARY LEAK SYNDROME Capillary leak syndrome (CLS), including life-threatening or fatal reactions, can occur in patients receiving LYMPHIR. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of CLS during treatment. Withhold LYMPHIR until CLS resolves, or permanently discontinue based on severity [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.4 ) and Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . WARNING: CAPILLARY LEAK SYNDROME See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. Capillary leak syndrome (CLS), including life-threatening or fatal reactions, can occur in patients receiving LYMPHIR. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of CLS during treatment.
Withhold LYMPHIR until CLS resolves or permanently discontinue based on severity. ( 2.1 , 2.4 , 5.1 )
CD25-directed Cytotoxin
Dosing in kidney impairment
Important Dosing Instructions Prior to starting each treatment cycle, assess hepatic and renal function. If serum albumin is less than 3 g/dL, delay administration of LYMPHIR until serum albumin is greater than or equal to 3 g/dL [see Warnings and Precautions] .
Preparation and administration
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Recommended Premedications Administer premedications prior to starting a LYMPHIR infusion in Cycles 1 through 3, as outlined in Table 1, to reduce the risk of infusion-related reactions [see Warnings and Precautions] . [See table below.] Antihistamine Diphenhydramine 25 mg intravenously or other antihistamine per local institutional guidelines At least 30 minutes prior to infusion Antiemetic Per institutional guidelines At least 30 minutes prior to infusion Hydration 250 to 500 mL 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection intravenously (or other amount of fluid considered to be most appropriate for the subject’s condition) At least 30 minutes prior to infusion If patients experience a Grade 2 or higher infusion reaction, premedicate at least 30 minutes prior to each subsequent infusion with a systemic steroid such as dexamethasone 4 mg (or equivalent) via slow intravenous push, for at least 3 cycles.
Preparation and Administration Reconstitute and further dilute LYMPHIR prior to administration. Administer as an intravenous infusion over 60 minutes. Use aseptic technique to prepare LYMPHIR. LYMPHIR does not contain a preservative or anti-microbial agent. Care should be taken during preparation and administration of LYMPHIR to prevent inadvertent microbial contamination.
Reconstitution Calculate the dose (mcg), total volume (mL) of solution required, and number of vials of LYMPHIR needed based on the patient’s actual body weight (kg). More than one vial may be needed for a full dose. Remove the vial(s) of LYMPHIR from the refrigerator and allow to stand for approximately 30 minutes to reach to room temperature [20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F)].
Reconstitute each LYMPHIR vial with 2.1 mL of Sterile Water for Injection to obtain a final concentration of 150 mcg/mL. If more than one vial is needed to make a complete dose, use a separate syringe and needle for each vial. Gently swirl the vial. Do not shake. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
The reconstituted solution should be clear and colorless. Discard if the solution is not clear, colorless, and contains particulate matter. Use the reconstituted LYMPHIR solution immediately to prepare the drug product. Dilution Use only plastic syringes or soft plastic intravenous bags. Do not use glass containers. Maintain concentration of LYMPHIR at 15 mcg/mL or higher during all steps in the preparation of the solution for intravenous infusion.
Withdraw the calculated dose from the vial(s) with a sterile syringe and inject it into an empty intravenous bag. Dilute with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection to final concentration of 15 mcg/mL or higher. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
Do not use if the prepared solution is cloudy or particulates are present. If not used immediately, store the diluted LYMPHIR solution at room temperature [20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F)] for up to 4 hours. Protect diluted solution from light. Administration Administer infusion solution intravenously over 60 minutes through an intravenous line using a syringe pump or intravenous infusion bag.
Do not administer through in-line filter. Do not mix LYMPHIR with other drugs or administer other drugs through the same infusion line. At the end of the infusion, discard any empty or unused portions of LYMPHIR immediately.
| Treatment Cycle | Premedication | Dosage | Administration |
| Cycles 1-3 (optional thereafter) | Antipyretic | Oral acetaminophen 650 mg or per local institutional guidelines | At least 30 minutes prior to infusion |
| Antihistamine | Diphenhydramine 25 mg intravenously or other antihistamine per local institutional guidelines | At least 30 minutes prior to infusion | |
| Antiemetic | Per institutional guidelines | At least 30 minutes prior to infusion | |
| Hydration | 250 to 500 mL 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection intravenously (or other amount of fluid considered to be most appropriate for the subject’s condition) | At least 30 minutes prior to infusion |
| Adverse Reaction | Severity* | Dosage Modification |
| Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1)] | Grade 2 | Withhold LYMPHIR until CLS resolves to Grade 1. |
| Grade 3 | Withhold LYMPHIR and provide supportive care until CLS resolves to Grade 1.Resume LYMPHIR at 50% dose.Consider steroid premedication for subsequent infusions.Permanently discontinue upon recurrence. | |
| Grade 4 | Permanently discontinue LYMPHIR. | |
| Visual impairment [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2)] | Grade 1 or 2 | Consider withholding or discontinuing LYMPHIR as appropriate.Refer for ophthalmic evaluation. |
| Grade 3 or 4 | Withhold LYMPHIR until resolved to Grade 1 or baseline.Refer for ophthalmic evaluation.Permanently discontinue LYMPHIR if impairment does not resolve to Grade 1 or baseline. | |
| Infusion-related reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3)] | Grade 2 or 3 | Interrupt infusion and manage signs and symptoms.Administer steroid premedication prior to the subsequent doses of LYMPHIR [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.3)] Continue steroid premedication for each dose in the next 3 cycles and optional thereafter [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.3)] |
| Grade 4 or Recurrent Grade 3 | Permanently discontinue LYMPHIR. | |
| Hepatotoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4)] | Grade 2: ALT/AST 3 to 5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) | Maintain LYMPHIR doseMonitor at least weekly until return to < 3 x ULN |
| Grade 3: ALT/AST > 5 to 20 x ULN | Withhold LYMPHIR and monitor at least weekly until return to < 3 x ULNResume LYMPHIR at same dose (first occurrence) or at a reduced dose (50%) for subsequent occurrence | |
| Grade 4: ALT/AST > 20 x ULN | Permanently discontinue LYMPHIR | |
| Other Adverse Reactions [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1)] | Grade 3 | Withhold LYMPHIR until resolution of toxicity to Grade 1 or baseline. |
| Grade 4 | Permanently discontinue LYMPHIR as appropriate. |
Contraindications
None. None. ( 4 )
Pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Based on its mechanism of action, LYMPHIR can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.1 )]. There are no available data on the use of LYMPHIR in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug-associated risk. No animal reproductive and developmental toxicity studies have been conducted with denileukin diftitox. Denileukin diftitox-cxdl causes depletion of regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg), immune activation, and capillary leak syndrome, compromising pregnancy maintenance. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. In the U.S.
general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies are 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.
For breastfeeding, also see LactMed (National Library of Medicine), which summarizes milk levels and infant effects.
Supply and cost
Drug shortage status
Recalls (last 24 months)
Therapeutic equivalence (Orange Book)
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