Multiple vitamins
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From MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine
Dosing in kidney impairment
Renal Impairment INFUVITE PEDIATRIC has not been studied in patients with renal impairment. Monitor renal function, calcium, phosphorus and vitamin A levels in patients with renal impairment [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 and 5.3 )].
Dosing in liver impairment
Hepatic Impairment INFUVITE PEDIATRIC has not been studied in patients with liver impairment. Monitor vitamin A levels in patients with liver disease [see Warnings and Precautions].
Preparation and administration
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Important Dosage and Administration Instructions INFUVITE PEDIATRIC is a combination product that contains the following vitamins: ascorbic acid, vitamin A, vitamin D, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacinamide, dexpanthenol, vitamin E, vitamin K 1 , folic acid, biotin, and vitamin B 12 . INFUVITE PEDIATRIC is supplied as a single dose or as a pharmacy bulk package for intravenous use intended for administration by intravenous infusion after dilution:
INFUVITE PEDIATRIC Single Dose consists of two vials. A weight-based volume from each vial must be added directly to dextrose or saline solution prior to intravenous administration [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 and 2.3 )] .
INFUVITE PEDIATRIC Pharmacy Bulk Package consists of two pharmacy bulk vials which must be mixed prior to use. The mixed solution will provide multiple daily doses which must be diluted prior to intravenous administration. Pharmacy bulk package of INFUVITE PEDIATRIC is intended for dispensing of single doses to multiple patients in a pharmacy admixture program and is restricted to the preparation of admixtures for infusion [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 and 2.3 )] .
Preparation and Administration Instructions Do not administer INFUVITE PEDIATRIC as a direct, undiluted intravenous injection as it may cause dizziness, faintness, and possible tissue irritation. INFUVITE PEDIATRIC Single Dose:
Use only in a suitable work area such as a laminar flow hood (or an equivalent clean air compounding area).
Add one weight-based dose of Vial 1 (1.2 mL, 2.6 mL or 4 mL) and one weight-based dose of Vial 2 (0.3 mL, 0.65 mL or 1 mL) directly to at least 100 mL of intravenous dextrose or saline solution.
Discard unused portion.
Visually inspect for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration.
After INFUVITE PEDIATRIC is diluted in an intravenous infusion, refrigerate the resulting solution unless it is to be used immediately, and use the solution within 24 hours after dilution.
Minimize exposure to light because some of the vitamins in INFUVITE PEDIATRIC, particularly A, D and riboflavin, are light sensitive. INFUVITE PEDIATRIC Pharmacy Bulk Package :
Use only in a suitable work area such as a laminar flow hood (or an equivalent clean air compounding area).
Transfer the contents of Vial 2 (10 mL of solution) into the contents of Vial 1 (40 mL of solution). The mixed solution (50 mL) will provide thirty-three 1.5 mL single doses, fifteen 3.25 mL single doses or ten 5 mL single doses.
Each bulk vial closure shall be penetrated only one time with a suitable sterile transfer device or dispensing set that allows measured dispensing of the contents.
Once the closure system has been penetrated, complete dispensing from the pharmacy bulk vial should be completed within 4 hours. The mixed solution may be refrigerated and stored for up to 4 hours.
Discard unused portion.
Visually inspect for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration.
Add one dose directly to at least 100 mL of intravenous dextrose or saline solution for each patient.
After INFUVITE PEDIATRIC is diluted in an intravenous infusion, refrigerate the resulting solution unless it is to be used immediately, and use the solution within 24 hours after dilution.
Minimize exposure to light because some of the vitamins in INFUVITE PEDIATRIC, particularly A, D and riboflavin, are light sensitive.
Drug Incompatibilities
INFUVITE PEDIATRIC is not physically compatible with moderately alkaline solutions such as a sodium bicarbonate solution and other alkaline drugs such as acetazolamide sodium, aminophylline, ampicillin sodium, tetracycline HCl and chlorothiazide sodium.
Folic acid is unstable in the presence of calcium salts such as calcium gluconate.
Vitamin A and thiamine in INFUVITE PEDIATRIC may react with bisulfite solutions such as sodium bisulfite or vitamin K bisulfite.
Do not add INFUVITE PEDIATRIC directly to intravenous fat emulsions.
Consult appropriate references for additional listings of physical and chemical compatibility of solutions and drugs with the vitamin infusion when needed. If incompatibilities are identified, avoid admixture or Y-site administration with vitamin solutions.
| Less than 1 kg | 1 kg to less than 3 kg | 3 kg or greater | |
| Daily Dosage Volume – Vial 1 | 1.2 mL | 2.6 mL | 4 mL |
| Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) | 24 mg | 52 mg | 80 mg |
| Vitamin A (as palmitate) | 690 IU (equals 0.2 mg) | 1495 IU (equals 0.5 mg) | 2,300 IU (equals 0.7 mg) |
| Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) | 120 IU (equals 3 mcg) | 260 IU (equals 7 mcg) | 400 IU (equals 10 mcg) |
| Thiamine (Vitamin B1) (as the hydrochloride) | 0.4 mg | 0.8 mg | 1.2 mg |
| Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) (as riboflavin 5-phosphate sodium) | 0.4 mg | 0.9 mg | 1.4 mg |
| Pyridoxine HCl (Vitamin B6) | 0.3 mg | 0.7 mg | 1 mg |
| Niacinamide | 5.1 mg | 11.1 mg | 17 mg |
| Dexpanthenol (as d-pantothenyl alcohol) | 1.5 mg | 3.3 mg | 5 mg |
| Vitamin E (dl-α-tocopheryl acetate) | 2.1 IU (equals 2 mg) | 4.6 IU (equals 5 mg) | 7 IU (equals 7 mg) |
| Vitamin K1 | 0.1 mg | 0.1 mg | 0.2 mg |
| Daily Dosage Volume – Vial 2 | 0.3 mL | 0.65 mL | 1 mL |
| Folic acid | 42 mcg | 91 mcg | 140 mcg |
| Biotin | 6 mcg | 13 mcg | 20 mcg |
| Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) | 0.3 mcg | 0.7 mcg | 1 mcg |
| Less than 1 kg | 1 kg to less than 3 kg | 3 kg or greater | ||
| Daily Dosage Volume (combined contents of Vial 1 and Vial 2) | 1.5 mL | 3.25 mL | 5 mL | |
| Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) | 24 mg | 52 mg | 80 mg | |
| Vitamin A (as palmitate) | 690 IU (equals 0.2 mg) | 1495 IU (equals 0.5 mg) | 2,300 IU (equals 0.7 mg) | |
| Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) | 120 IU (equals 3 mcg) | 260 IU (equals 7 mcg) | 400 IU (equals 10 mcg) | |
| Thiamine (Vitamin B1) (as the hydrochloride) | 0.4 mg | 0.8 mg | 1.2 mg | |
| Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) (as riboflavin 5-phosphate sodium) | 0.4 mg | 0.9 mg | 1.4 mg | |
| Pyridoxine HCl (Vitamin B6) | 0.3 mg | 0.7 mg | 1 mg | |
| Niacinamide | 5.1 mg | 11.1 mg | 17 mg | |
| Dexpanthenol (as d-pantothenyl alcohol) | 1.5 mg | 3.3 mg | 5 mg | |
| Vitamin E (dl-α-tocopheryl acetate) | 2.1 IU (equals 2 mg) | 4.6 IU (equals 5 mg) | 7 IU (equals 7 mg) | |
| Vitamin K1 | 0.1 mg | 0.1 mg | 0.2 mg | |
| Folic acid | 42 mcg | 91 mcg | 140 mcg | |
| Biotin | 6 mcg | 13 mcg | 20 mcg | |
| Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) | 0.3 mcg | 0.7 mcg | 1 mcg | |
Drug interactions
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7 DRUG INTERACTIONS A number of interactions between vitamins and drugs have been reported. The following are examples of these types of interactions. Effect of INFUVITE PEDIATRIC on other drugs: • Antibiotics : Thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacinamide, and ascorbic acid decrease activities of erythromycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, doxycycline, and lincomycin ( 7.1 ) • Bleomycin : Ascorbic acid and riboflavin may reduce the activity of bleomycin ( 7.1 ) • Levodopa : Pyridoxine may decrease blood levels of levodopa and levodopa efficacy may decrease ( 7.1 ) • Phenytoin : Folic acid may decrease phenytoin blood levels and increase risk of seizure activity ( 7.1 ) • Methotrexate : Folic acid may decrease response to methotrexate ( 7.1 ) Effects of other drugs on INFUVITE PEDIATRIC: • Hydralazine, Isoniazid : Concomitant administration of hydralazine or isoniazid may increase pyridoxine requirements ( 7.2 ). • Phenytoin : May decrease folic acid concentrations ( 7.2 )
7.1 Drug Interactions Affecting Co-Administered Drugs Warfarin : Vitamin K, a component of INFUVITE PEDIATRIC, antagonizes the anticoagulant action of warfarin. In patients who are co-administered warfarin and INFUVITE PEDIATRIC, blood levels of prothrombin/INR should be monitored to determine if dose of warfarin needs to be adjusted [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] . Antibiotics : Thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacinamide, and ascorbic acid decrease antibiotic activities of erythromycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, doxycycline, and lincomycin. Bleomycin : Ascorbic acid and riboflavin inactivate bleomycin in vitro , thus the activity of bleomycin may be reduced.
Levodopa : Pyridoxine may increase the metabolism of levodopa (decrease blood levels of levodopa) and decrease its efficacy. Phenytoin : Folic acid may increase phenytoin metabolism and lower the serum concentration of phenytoin resulting in increased seizure activity. Methotrexate : Folic acid may decrease a patient’s response to methotrexate therapy.
7.2 Drug Interactions Affecting Vitamin Levels Hydralazine, Isoniazid : Concomitant administration of hydralazine or isoniazid may increase pyridoxine requirements. Phenytoin : Phenytoin may decrease serum folic acid concentrations.
Contraindications
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS INFUVITE PEDIATRIC is contraindicated in patients who have: • An existing hypervitaminosis, or • A history of hypersensitivity to any vitamins or excipients contained in this formulation. • Hypersensitivity to any of vitamins or excipients ( 4 ) • Existing hypervitaminosis ( 4 )
Pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Administration of the approved recommended dose of INFUVITE PEDIATRIC in parental nutrition is not expected to cause major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Pregnant patients should follow the U.S. Recommended Daily Allowances for pregnancy because their vitamin requirements may exceed those of nonpregnant patients. Deficiency of essential vitamins may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes (see Clinical Considerations) . Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with INFUVITE PEDIATRIC. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown.
All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated Maternal and/or Embryo-Fetal Risk Deficiency of essential vitamins has been associated with adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes, such as maternal folic acid deficiency and an increased risk of neural tube defects. Therefore, parenteral nutrition with multiple vitamins injection should be considered if a pregnant patient’s nutritional requirements cannot be fulfilled by oral or enteral intake.
For breastfeeding, also see LactMed (National Library of Medicine), which summarizes milk levels and infant effects.
Supply and cost
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Not the price at the counterThese are not what a patient pays at the pharmacy counter. They are what pharmacies, health plans, and government buyers pay, before manufacturer rebates. A patient's cost depends on their insurance (copay, coinsurance, or deductible) or the pharmacy's cash price.