Pentetic acid
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Lead Chelator
Dosing in kidney impairment
Cut the dried strip 2 cm from the solvent front end. The short piece is marked Part III and the long piece is marked Part IV . Count the pieces in a counter and determine the percentage of free pertechnetate according to the following formula: Figure 2 System B Diagram Step 6: Determine the radiochemical purity according to the following formula: Use Technetium Tc 99m pentetate injection only if the radiochemical purity is 90% or greater. eq1 Figure_1 eq2 figure2 step-6-formula 2.6 Radiation Dosimetry The estimated radiation absorbed dose to various organs from an intravenous injection of Tc 99m pentetate in patients with normal and abnormal renal function is shown respectively in Table 4 and Table 5 . [See table below.] [See table below.] Bone surfaces 6.0 7.1 11 15 28 Brain 2.8 3.5 5.7 9.1 16 Breast 2.3 3.0 4.2 6.8 13 Gallbladder wall 4.2 5.7 9.2 13 16 Gastrointestinal tract Esophagus 3.3 4.2 6.2 9.6 17 Stomach wall 3.8 5.0 7.9 11 19 Small intestine wall 4.5 5.6 8.5 13 22 Colon wall 4.5 5.8 8.7 13 22 Upper large intestine wall 4.3 5.6 8.1 13 21 Lower large intestine wall 4.9 6.1 9.5 13 23 Heart wall 3.7 4.7 7.0 10 18 Kidneys 7.7 9.2 13 19 32 Liver 3.7 4.6 7.1 11 19 Lungs 3.3 4.2 6.2 9.5 17 Muscles 3.2 4.0 6.1 9.1 17 Ovaries 5.0 6.2 9.2 14 23 Pancreas 4.3 5.3 8.0 12 21 Red marrow 3.4 4.2 6.4 9.3 16 Skin 2.2 2.6 4.2 6.7 12 Spleen 3.8 4.7 7.3 11 19 Testes 3.5 4.5 6.9 10 18 Thymus 3.3 4.2 6.2 9.6 17 Thyroid 3.4 4.2 6.7 11 19 Urinary bladder wall 21 27 39 50 66 Uterus 6.1 7.4 11 16 25 Remaining organs 3.3 4.1 6.3 9.7 17 Effective dose per unit activity (microSv/MBq) 4.6 5.8 8.7 13 21 The estimated radiation absorbed dose to various organs from the inhalation of Tc 99m Pentetate Injection is shown in Table 6 . [See table below.]
| Indication | Route of Administration | Dose | Image Acquisition |
| Brain Imaging | Intravenous Injection | 370 MBq to 740 MBq (10 mCi to 20 mCi) | Immediate dynamic imaging. Obtain at least one blood-pool image in same position as flow. Delayed images can be obtained 1 hour later. |
| Renal Visualization and Perfusion Assessment | Intravenous Injection | 370 MBq to 740 MBq (10 mCi to 20 mCi) | Immediate dynamic imaging. Static imaging 1 to 30 minutes after injection. |
| Renal Visualization with Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate | Intravenous Injection | 111 MBq to 185 MBq (3 mCi to 5 mCi) | Immediate dynamic imaging. Static imaging 1 to 30 minutes after injection. |
| Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate (with no renal imaging) | Intravenous Injection | 7.4 MBq to 18.5 MBq (0.2 mCi to 0.5 mCi) | Blood sampling only is performed. |
| Indication | Route of Administration | Dose | Image Acquisition |
| Renal Visualization and Perfusion Assessment | Intravenous Injection | 3.7 MBq/kg to 7.4 MBq/kg (0.1 mCi/kg to 0.2 mCi/kg) Minimum 37 MBq (1 mCi) Maximum 185 MBq (5 mCi) | Immediate dynamic imaging. Static imaging 1 to 30 minutes after injection. |
| Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate (with no renal imaging) | Intravenous Injection | 7.4 MBq to 18.5 MBq (0.2 mCi to 0.5 mCi) | Blood sampling only is performed. |
| Absorbed Dose Per Unit Activity Administered (microGy/MBq) | ||||||
| Organ | Adult | 15 Years | 10 Years | 5 Years | 1 Year | |
| Adrenals | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 4.0 | 7.2 | |
| Bone surfaces | 2.4 | 2.9 | 4.3 | 6.1 | 10 | |
| Brain | 0.86 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 4.9 | |
| Breast | 0.72 | 0.92 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 4.1 | |
| Gallbladder wall | 1.5 | 2.1 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 6.1 | |
| Gastrointestinal tract | ||||||
| Esophagus | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 3.0 | 5.4 | |
| Stomach wall | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 4.0 | 6.8 | |
| Small intestine wall | 2.5 | 3.1 | 4.9 | 7.0 | 10 | |
| Colon wall | 3.1 | 3.9 | 6.0 | 8.1 | 11 | |
| Upper large intestine wall | 2.1 | 2.8 | 4.3 | 6.5 | 9.2 | |
| Lower large intestine wall | 4.3 | 5.4 | 8.2 | 10 | 13 | |
| Heart wall | 1.2 | 1.5 | 2.2 | 3.3 | 5.9 | |
| Kidneys | 4.4 | 5.3 | 7.5 | 11 | 18 | |
| Liver | 1.2 | 1.6 | 2.5 | 3.8 | 6.4 | |
| Lungs | 1.0 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 5.5 | |
| Muscles | 1.6 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 4.3 | 6.8 | |
| Ovaries | 4.2 | 5.3 | 7.7 | 10 | 13 | |
| Pancreas | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 4.3 | 7.4 | |
| Red marrow | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 5.7 | |
| Skin | 0.87 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 2.6 | 4.4 | |
| Spleen | 1.3 | 1.6 | 2.6 | 3.9 | 6.8 | |
| Testes | 2.9 | 4.0 | 6.8 | 9.4 | 13 | |
| Thymus | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 3.0 | 5.4 | |
| Thyroid | 1.0 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 6.0 | |
| Urinary bladder wall | 62 | 78 | 110 | 150 | 170 | |
| Uterus | 7.9 | 9.6 | 15 | 18 | 22 | |
| Remaining organs | 1.7 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 6.6 | |
| Effective dose per unit activity (microSv/MBq) | 4.9 | 6.3 | 9.4 | 12 | 16 | |
| Absorbed Dose Per Unit Activity Administered (microGy/MBq) | ||||||
| Organ | Adult | 15 Years | 10 Years | 5 Years | 1 Year | |
| Adrenals | 4.1 | 5.1 | 7.6 | 11 | 21 | |
| Bone surfaces | 6.0 | 7.1 | 11 | 15 | 28 | |
| Brain | 2.8 | 3.5 | 5.7 | 9.1 | 16 | |
| Breast | 2.3 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 6.8 | 13 | |
| Gallbladder wall | 4.2 | 5.7 | 9.2 | 13 | 16 | |
| Gastrointestinal tract | ||||||
| Esophagus | 3.3 | 4.2 | 6.2 | 9.6 | 17 | |
| Stomach wall | 3.8 | 5.0 | 7.9 | 11 | 19 | |
| Small intestine wall | 4.5 | 5.6 | 8.5 | 13 | 22 | |
| Colon wall | 4.5 | 5.8 | 8.7 | 13 | 22 | |
| Upper large intestine wall | 4.3 | 5.6 | 8.1 | 13 | 21 | |
| Lower large intestine wall | 4.9 | 6.1 | 9.5 | 13 | 23 | |
| Heart wall | 3.7 | 4.7 | 7.0 | 10 | 18 | |
| Kidneys | 7.7 | 9.2 | 13 | 19 | 32 | |
| Liver | 3.7 | 4.6 | 7.1 | 11 | 19 | |
| Lungs | 3.3 | 4.2 | 6.2 | 9.5 | 17 | |
| Muscles | 3.2 | 4.0 | 6.1 | 9.1 | 17 | |
| Ovaries | 5.0 | 6.2 | 9.2 | 14 | 23 | |
| Pancreas | 4.3 | 5.3 | 8.0 | 12 | 21 | |
| Red marrow | 3.4 | 4.2 | 6.4 | 9.3 | 16 | |
| Skin | 2.2 | 2.6 | 4.2 | 6.7 | 12 | |
| Spleen | 3.8 | 4.7 | 7.3 | 11 | 19 | |
| Testes | 3.5 | 4.5 | 6.9 | 10 | 18 | |
| Thymus | 3.3 | 4.2 | 6.2 | 9.6 | 17 | |
| Thyroid | 3.4 | 4.2 | 6.7 | 11 | 19 | |
| Urinary bladder wall | 21 | 27 | 39 | 50 | 66 | |
| Uterus | 6.1 | 7.4 | 11 | 16 | 25 | |
| Remaining organs | 3.3 | 4.1 | 6.3 | 9.7 | 17 | |
| Effective dose per unit activity (microSv/MBq) | 4.6 | 5.8 | 8.7 | 13 | 21 | |
Preparation and administration
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Administration Instructions Use aseptic technique for all drug preparation and handling. Visually inspect the Tc 99m labeled DRAXIMAGE ® DTPA injection after reconstitution for particulate matter prior to administration. Do not use or administer if there is evidence of foreign matter or the solution is not clear. Measure the patient dose by a radioactivity calibration system immediately prior to administration.
Intravenous Use Instruct the patient to increase fluid intake and to void frequently for the next 4 to 6 hours after Tc 99m labeled DRAXIMAGE ® DTPA administration by injection to minimize the radiation dose to the bladder. Inhalation Use Use the selected nebulizer in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Instruct the patient to rinse their mouth and expectorate after Tc 99m labeled DRAXIMAGE ® DTPA administration by inhalation to minimize the radiation dose to the mouth and esophagus.
Instructions for Drug Preparation The prepared solution can either be administered via intravenous injection or aerosolized by nebulizer for inhalation use. Before reconstitution, inspect the integrity of the vial. Add 2 to 10 mL [maximum amount 18.5 gigabecquerels (500 mCi)] of sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m injection USP to the reaction vial.
The volume of pertechnetate added should be balanced by the removal of the same volume of air. Cover the vial shield and invert to mix the contents. Assay the preparation in a calibrator, record the radio assay information on the label with radiation warning symbol, and affix it to the reaction vial. After reconstitution, store the solution at 25 °C (77 °F) in a lead shield and discard after 12 hours; excursions permitted between 15 °C and 30 °C (59 °F and 86°F).
Allow the preparation to stand for 15 minutes before determining the radiochemical purity of Tc 99m labeled DRAXIMAGE ® DTPA injection. After reconstitution, do not vent the vial.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the active ingredient or to any component of the product [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. Hypersensitivity to the active ingredient or any component of this product ( 4 ).
Pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Limited available data with Technetium Tc 99m pentetate use in pregnant women are insufficient to inform a drug associated risk for major birth defects and miscarriage. Technetium Tc 99m pentetate is transferred across the placenta (see Data ) . No animal reproductive studies have been conducted with Technetium Tc 99m pentetate. All radiopharmaceuticals have the potential to cause fetal harm depending on the fetal stage of development and the magnitude of the radiation dose.
If considering Technetium Tc 99m pentetate administration to a pregnant woman, inform the patient about the potential for adverse pregnancy outcomes based on the radiation dose from Technetium Tc 99m pentetate and the gestational timing of exposure. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S., general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies are 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Human Data Limited published literature describes Technetium Tc 99m pentetate crossing the placental barrier.
No adverse fetal effects or radiation-related risks have been identified for diagnostic procedures involving less than 50 mGy, which represents less than 10 mGy fetal doses.
For breastfeeding, also see LactMed (National Library of Medicine), which summarizes milk levels and infant effects.
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