Sodium chloride
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From MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine
Dosing in kidney impairment
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None None 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Remove all air from the syringe and associated tubing prior to injection. May cause fluid overload in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency, and in clinical states with edema, sodium retention, or hypernatremia. Establish intravascular catheter patency prior to administration. 5.1 Air Embolism Remove all air from the syringe and associated tubing prior to injection to avoid air embolus with the associated risk of stroke, organ ischemia and/or infarction, and death. 5.2 Infectious Complications Use of a damaged syringe or failure to maintain aseptic technique may result in infection, sepsis and death [ see Dosage and Administration ]. 5.3 Fluid Overload Sodium Chloride Injection USP 0.9% may cause fluid overload in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency, and in clinical states with edema, sodium retention, or hypernatremia.
Preparation and administration
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Typical Sodium Chloride Injection USP 0.9% flush volumes following contrast agent administration in adults are 10 to 25 mL per injection at rates not to exceed 10 mL/sec. Use of some Liebel-Flarsheim contrast agent power injectors allows for additional infusion of Sodium Chloride Injection USP 0.9% to maintain the patency of vascular access.
Typical infusion rates used for this purpose are in the range of 0.5 to 1 mL per minute. Individualize infusion rates and flush volumes for each patient based on their body weight, fluid status and concomitant medical conditions. Consult the Liebel-Flarsheim contrast agent power injector manual for proper use. For single patient use only.
May be used for additional infusion to maintain the patency of vascular access at a typical infusion rate of 0.5 to 1 mL per minute. Do not use if packaging is damaged, wet, or not intact, if syringe or its tip cap shows signs of damage, leakage or displacement. Do not use if solution is hazy, cloudy, discolored, or contains particulate matter.
Use aseptic technique. Expel residual air from the syringe and tubing prior to connection with the patient’s vascular access. 2.1 Drug Handling Inspect the syringe for signs of break in sterility. Do not use if the syringe or its tip cap shows signs of damage, leakage or displacement. Do not use if the solution is hazy, cloudy, discolored or contains particulate matter.
Contraindications
None None ( 4 )
Safety data
Reported adverse events (FAERS)
Liver injury (LiverTox)
LiverTox has no chapter for sodium chloride. Check the label's hepatic warnings.
Pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Administration of Sodium Chloride Injection USP 0.9% is not known to cause major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with Sodium Chloride Injection USP 0.9.% All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.
For breastfeeding, also see LactMed (National Library of Medicine), which summarizes milk levels and infant effects.
Supply and cost
Drug shortage status
Recalls (last 24 months)
Therapeutic equivalence (Orange Book)
Price ladder
Not the price at the counterThese are not what a patient pays at the pharmacy counter. They are what pharmacies, health plans, and government buyers pay, before manufacturer rebates. A patient's cost depends on their insurance (copay, coinsurance, or deductible) or the pharmacy's cash price.