Sodium chloride and dextrose, unspecified form
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From MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine
Osmotic Laxative
Dosing in kidney impairment
The risk of dilutional states is inversely proportional to the electrolyte concentration. The risk of solute overload causing congested states with peripheral and pulmonary edema is directly proportional to the electrolyte concentration. Solutions containing sodium ions should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency, and in clinical states in which there is sodium retention with edema.
In patients with diminished renal function, administration of solutions containing sodium ions may result in sodium retention. Infusion of isotonic (0.9%) sodium chloride during or immediately after surgery may result in excessive sodium retention. Use the patient's circulatory system status as a guide. Excessive administration of potassium-free dextrose solutions may result in significant hypokalemia.
Preparation and administration
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DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION These solutions are for intravenous use only. Dosage is to be directed by a physician and is dependent upon age, weight, clinical condition of the patient and laboratory determinations. Frequent laboratory determinations and clinical evaluation are essential to monitor changes in blood glucose and electrolyte concentrations, and fluid and electrolyte balance during prolonged parenteral therapy.
When a hypertonic solution is to be administered peripherally, it should be slowly infused through a small bore needle, placed well within the lumen of a large vein to minimize venous irritation. Carefully avoid infiltration. In the average adult, daily requirements of sodium and chloride are met by the infusion of one liter of fluid containing 0.9% sodium chloride (154 mEq each of sodium and chloride).
Fluid administration should be based on calculated maintenance or replacement fluid requirements for each patient. Some additives may be incompatible. Consult with pharmacist. When introducing additives, use aseptic techniques. Mix thoroughly. Do not store. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
Drug interactions
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- Sodium chloride and dextrose, unspecified form
Contraindications
These solutions are contraindicated where the administration of sodium or chloride could be clinically detrimental. Solutions containing dextrose may be contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to corn products.
Safety data
Reported adverse events (FAERS)
Liver injury (LiverTox)
LiverTox has no chapter for sodium chloride and dextrose, unspecified form. Check the label's hepatic warnings.
Pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Teratogenic Effects Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injections USP. It is also not known whether Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injections USP can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injections USP should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.
Lactation
Nursing Mothers It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injections USP are administered to a nursing woman.
For breastfeeding, also see LactMed (National Library of Medicine), which summarizes milk levels and infant effects.
Supply and cost
Drug shortage status
Recalls (last 24 months)
Therapeutic equivalence (Orange Book)
Price ladder
Not the price at the counterThese are not what a patient pays at the pharmacy counter. They are what pharmacies, health plans, and government buyers pay, before manufacturer rebates. A patient's cost depends on their insurance (copay, coinsurance, or deductible) or the pharmacy's cash price.